Different Types of Clothing for Muslim Women

In the rich tapestry of Islamic culture, modesty holds a key place, particularly in fashion. This doesn’t just signify a style but reflects deep-rooted values that are intertwined with faith. For many Muslim women, dressing modestly is a personal and spiritual expression of their identity. 

However, the interpretation of what constitutes modest attire can vary significantly across different cultures and geographies. This variation is not only a reflection of contemporary Islamic practices but also an echo of the pre-Islamic traditions inherent to various regions that embraced Islam over the centuries.

As the world of Islamic fashion blossoms, particularly in cosmopolitan hubs like the UK, understanding the different types of clothing worn by Muslim women becomes a fascinating journey into diversity and elegance. Here we explore some key garments, each unique in design and purpose, yet all sharing the common goals of modesty and cultural identification.

Abaya

Traditionally a black, flowing robe worn from the shoulders down, the abaya is a staple in many Muslim women’s wardrobes, especially in the Gulf countries such as the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Kuwait. Its simplicity and elegance offer a canvas for personal style, which can be expressed through fabric choices, embellishments and cuts. The modern abaya is versatile, effortlessly transitioning from daytime wear to glamorous evening attire with different accessories.

Jalabiya

A Jalabiya is a traditional Middle Eastern garment that closely resembles the thobe or kaftan. It is a loose-fitting robe designed to cover the entire body from the shoulders down, typically crafted from light and flowing fabrics, making it perfect for warmer climates. The Jalabiya often features intricate embroidery or embellishments around the neck and sleeves and comes in various vibrant colours and patterns. This garment represents a blend of cultural heritage and modern fashion sensibilities, embodying both comfort and elegance.

Chador

Originating from Persia, the chador is a full-body cloak worn especially by women from the areas now covered by Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is traditionally black, draping from the head to the floor, and held closed at the front by hand. However, in the modern world, it’s just as likely to be coloured or patterned to reflect modern styles. Unlike the abaya, it doesn’t have front closures, which adds to its modest coverage. The chador wraps around the wearer, enveloping her in grace and modesty.

Hijab

Perhaps the most recognised Islamic headscarf globally, the hijab covers the head and neck but leaves the face clear. Culturally speaking, similar headwear is not confined to the Muslim world, with Christian, Jewish, Hindu and Sikh traditions having their own almost identical versions. Needless to say, it has many names and descriptions, depending on the culture, style and language prevalent in the regions where it is worn.

The hijab is incredibly adaptable in material, style and colour, making it a popular choice among fashion-conscious Muslim women worldwide. It serves both as a declaration of faith and a fashion statement, easily incorporated into any outfit. 

Khimar

A long cape-like veil that flows down to just above the waist, the khimar covers the hair, neck, and shoulders completely, but leaves the face exposed. It is particularly favoured for praying, providing ample coverage while being very comfortable. In many ways, the khimar is synonymous with the hijab, but usually refers to an Arabian style veil. 

Shayla

A long, rectangular scarf that is wrapped around the head and thrown or tucked over the shoulder, the shayla is common in the Gulf region. Light and airy, it is perfect for sophisticated layering and offers numerous possibilities for elegant draping techniques.

Jilbab

Resembling a long coat or a loose-fitting overgarment, the jilbab covers the body from the head to the toes. It is often tailored like outerwear and can be paired with other items of clothing. Its functionality and modesty make it a suitable choice for professional and everyday wear in various settings.

Niqab

The niqab is a face veil that covers the lower half of the face, leaving only the eyes visible. It represents one of the most committed levels of modesty. While it’s more prevalent in countries like Saudi Arabia and Yemen, it is also adopted by some women in the UK as a profound expression of their faith.

Burqa

Covering the entire face and body, with a mesh screen or narrow slit allowing the wearer to see, the burqa offers the most complete form of veiling. While it is commonly worn in Afghanistan and parts of Pakistan, it is worn in most metropolitan areas of the world with large Muslim populations. Fashion plays little part in the burqa’s design – it is the ultimate way to conceal a woman’s body shape and face from public view.

Each of these garments enables Muslim women to express their style or faith within the guidelines of Islamic modesty. Far from being restrictive, Islamic fashion opens up new vistas for creativity and personal expression through an array of fabrics, colours and designs that can make every outfit both modest and striking. In a world that values personal choice, the fashion-conscious Muslim woman can navigate her cultural identity and modern aesthetic preferences with poise and confidence, embracing tradition with a contemporary twist.